System and method of utilizing computer-aided identification with medical procedures

ABSTRACT

The disclosure provides a system that may receive an identification of a first patient; may receive a first template that includes first multiple locations associated with a face of the first patient and associated with the identification of the first patient; may determine second multiple locations associated with a face of a current patient; may determine a second template of the face of the current patient based at least on the second multiple locations associated with the face of the current patient; may determine if the first template matches the second template; if the first template matches the second template, may provide an indication that the current patient has been correctly identified as the first patient; and if the first template does not match the second template, may provide an indication that the current patient has not been identified.

BACKGROUND Field of the Disclosure

This disclosure relates to computer-aided identification and moreparticularly to utilizing computer-aided identification with medicalprocedures.

Description of the Related Art

In the past, a failure to correctly identify a patient could result intransfusion errors, medication errors, incorrect person procedures,testing errors, and/or wrong medical procedure site errors, amongothers. Patient misidentification can be a root cause in medicalprocedure errors. Areas where patient misidentification can occurinclude surgical interventions, blood transfusions, drug administration,and/or phlebotomy, among others. Patient misidentification can be causedby name structures (e.g., close similarity of names), inaccuracies datesof births, clothing that conceals identity, non-conscious patients,errors when registering patients via computerized systems, anidentification wrist band not present, an identification wrist band thatidentifies another (e.g., incorrect) patient, etc.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure provides a system able to receive anidentification of a first patient. In one example, the system mayreceive the identification of the first patient from medical personnel.In another example, the system may receive the identification of thefirst patient via scanning a wristband of the patient. The system mayfurther receive a first template that includes first multiple locationsassociated with a face of the first patient and associated with theidentification of the first patient. In one example, the system mayreceive the first template that includes first multiple locationsassociated with the face of the first patient and associated with theidentification of the first patient from a storage device. In oneexample, the system may receive the first template that includes firstmultiple locations associated with the face of the first patient andassociated with the identification of the first patient from a network.The system may further determine second multiple locations associatedwith a face of a current patient. For example, a medical procedure maybe pending for the current patient.

The system may further determine a second template of the face of thecurrent patient based at least on the second multiple locationsassociated with the face of the current patient. For example, a facialrecognition system, method, and/or process may determine the secondtemplate of the face of the current patient based at least on the secondmultiple locations associated with the face of the current patient. Thesystem may further determine if the first template matches the secondtemplate. For example, the system may determine if the first templatematches the second template to confirm or to disaffirm that the currentpatient is the first patient. If the first template matches the secondtemplate, the system may further provide, via a display, an indicationthat the current patient has been correctly identified as the firstpatient. If the first template does not match the second template, thesystem may further provide, via a display, an indication that thecurrent patient has not been identified. For example, providing theindication that the current patient has not been identified may includeproviding at least one of a visual signal and an audible signal. Indetermining if the first template matches the second template, thesystem may determine if a polygon formed by three or more locations ofthe first multiple locations of the first template matches a polygonformed by three or more locations of the second multiple locations ofthe second template.

The system may further determine, based at least on the second template,that surgical tooling equipment enters an area of the second template.For example, the area of the second template may be associated with anarea of the first patient where the medical procedure may not beperformed. The system may further provide an indication that thesurgical tooling equipment should not be in the area of the secondtemplate. For example, providing the indication that the surgicaltooling equipment should not be in the area of the second template maybe performed in response to determining, based at least on the secondtemplate, that the surgical tooling equipment enters the area of thesecond template.

The system may further determine the first multiple locations associatedwith the face of the first patient and may further determine the firsttemplate of the face of the first patient based at least on the firstmultiple locations associated with the face of the first patient. In oneexample, a facial recognition system, method, and/or process maydetermine the first multiple locations associated with the face of thefirst patient. In another example, a facial recognition system, method,and/or process may determine the first template of the face of the firstpatient based at least on the first multiple locations associated withthe face of the first patient. The first template may be determinedbefore a medical procedure. For example, the first template may beutilized to confirm that the first patient is the first patient before amedical procedure begins or proceeds.

The system may further associate the first template with theidentification of the first patient and store the first template withthe identification of the first patient. In one example, the system maystore the first template with the identification of the first patientvia a storage device. In another example, the system may store the firsttemplate based on the identification of the first patient. Storing thefirst template based on the identification of the first patient maypermit and/or may facilitate utilizing the identification of the firstpatient to retrieve and/or receive the first template.

The system may further determine an angle of a microscope with respectto the face of the first patient based at least on the second template.For example, determining a position of a surgeon, with respect to thefirst patient, may be based at least on determining the angle of themicroscope with respect to the face of the first patient based at leaston the second template. The microscope may be or include a microscopeintegrated display. The system may further determine an orientation of alens with respect to the face of the first patient based at least on thesecond template. For example, the lens may be utilized in the medicalprocedure. For example, the lens may be placed in an eye of the firstpatient.

The system may further determine third multiple locations associatedwith a face of a second patient, determine a third template of the faceof the second patient based at least on the third plurality of locationsassociated with the face of the second patient, associate the thirdtemplate with an identification of the second patient, and store thethird template with the identification of the second patient. Forexample, the system may be utilized with other patients.

The system may include a microscope integrated display. The microscopeintegrated display may include at least one image sensor configured toacquire at least one image. In one example, the microscope integrateddisplay may acquire the at least one image. In another example,determining the second multiple locations associated with the face ofthe current patient may include determining the second multiplelocations associated with the face of the current patient via the atleast one image acquired via the microscope integrated display.

The present disclosure further includes a non-transientcomputer-readable memory device with instructions that, when executed bya processor of a system, cause the system to perform the above steps.The present disclosure further includes a system or a non-transientcomputer-readable memory device as described above with one or more ofthe following features, which may be used in combination with oneanother unless clearly mutually exclusive: i) receive an identificationof a first patient; ii) receive a first template that includes firstmultiple locations associated with a face of the first patient andassociated with the identification of the first patient; iii) determinesecond multiple locations associated with a face of a current patient;iv) determine a second template of the face of the current patient basedat least on the second multiple locations associated with the face ofthe current patient; v) determine if the first template matches thesecond template; vi) if the first template matches the second template,provide an indication that the current patient has been correctlyidentified as the first patient; vii) if the first template does notmatch the second template, provide an indication that the currentpatient has not been identified; viii) determine, based at least on thesecond template, that surgical tooling equipment enters an area of thesecond template; ix) in response to determining, based at least on thesecond template, that the surgical tooling equipment enters the area ofthe second template, provide an indication that the surgical toolingequipment should not be in the area of the second template; x) determinethe first multiple locations associated with the face of the firstpatient; xi) determine the first template of the face of the firstpatient based at least on the first multiple locations associated withthe face of the first patient; xii) associate the first template withthe identification of the first patient; xiii) store the first templatewith the identification of the first patient; xix) determine an angle ofa microscope with respect to the face of the first patient based atleast on the second template; xx) determine an orientation of a lenswith respect to the face of the first patient based at least on thesecond template; xxi) determine third multiple locations associated witha face of a second patient; xxii) determine a third template of the faceof the second patient based at least on the third multiple locationsassociated with the face of the second patient; xxii) associate thethird template with an identification of the second patient; and xxiv)store the third template with the identification of the second patient.

Any of the above systems may be able to perform any of the above methodsand any of the above non-transient computer-readable memory devices maybe able to cause a system to perform any of the above methods. Any ofthe above methods may be implemented on any of the above systems orusing any of the above non-transient computer-readable memory devices.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description andthe following detailed description are examples and explanatory innature and are intended to provide an understanding of the presentdisclosure without limiting the scope of the present disclosure. In thatregard, additional aspects, features, and advantages of the presentdisclosure will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the followingdetailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and itsfeatures and advantages, reference is now made to the followingdescription, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, whichare not drawn to scale, and in which:

FIG. 1A illustrates an example of a medical system;

FIG. 1B illustrates an example of an imaging device;

FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate examples of a template associated with a faceof a patient;

FIG. 3A illustrates an example of another medical system;

FIG. 3B illustrates an example of a microscope integrated display andexamples of surgical tooling equipment;

FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate examples of identifying a patient;

FIG. 4D illustrates an example of a graphical user interface thatprovides a warning or an error;

FIG. 4E illustrates an example of a graphical user interface thatprovides an indication that a patient has been correctly identified;

FIG. 5A illustrates an example of an area of a surgical procedure;

FIG. 5B illustrates an example of determining a position of amicroscope;

FIG. 5C illustrates an example of determining that surgical toolingequipment is included in an area;

FIG. 5D illustrates another example of determining that surgical toolingequipment is included in an area;

FIG. 5E illustrates an example of a graphical user interface thatprovides a warning;

FIG. 5F illustrates an example of a graphical user interface thatprovides an indication that no errors have been detected;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a computer system; and

FIG. 7 illustrate an example of a method of operating a system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, details are set forth by way of example tofacilitate discussion of the disclosed subject matter. It should beapparent to a person of ordinary skill in the field, however, that thedisclosed embodiments are examples and not exhaustive of all possibleembodiments.

As used herein, a reference numeral refers to a class or type of entity,and any letter following such reference numeral refers to a specificinstance of a particular entity of that class or type. Thus, forexample, a hypothetical entity referenced by ‘12A’ may refer to aparticular instance of a particular class/type, and the reference ‘12’may refer to a collection of instances belonging to that particularclass/type or any one instance of that class/type in general.

Medical systems may be utilized to identify patients. In one example, afirst medical system may be utilized, at a first time, in identifying apatient before a medical procedure. In another example, a second medicalsystem may be utilized, at a second time, in identifying the patientbefore the medical procedure. The second time may be a later time thanthe first time. In one example, the first medical system may be utilizedat an office of a doctor. In another example, the second medical systemmay be utilized at a surgical facility.

The first medical system may associate two or more identificationattributes associated with the patient. For example, two or moreidentification attributes associated with the patient may include two ormore of a name of the patient, an address of the patient, a telephonenumber of the patient, a government issued identification number orstring of characters of the patient, a date of birth of the patient, afirst medical facility identification of the patient, and a first facialidentification of the patient, among others. The first facialidentification of the patient may be utilized via a facial recognitionprocess, method, and/or system to identify the patient.

The second medical system may associate two or more identificationattributes associated with the patient. For example, two or moreidentification attributes associated with the patient may include two ormore of the name of the patient, the address of the patient, thetelephone number of the patient, the government issued identificationnumber or string of characters of the patient, the date of birth of thepatient, the first medical facility identification of the patient, asecond first medical facility identification of the patient, the firstfacial identification of the patient, and a second facial identificationof the patient, among others. The second medical system may utilize afacial recognition process, method, and/or system to obtain the secondfacial identification of the patient and to determine if the firstfacial identification of the patient and the second facialidentification of the patient match. If the first facial identificationof the patient and the second facial identification of the patientmatch, a medical procedure associated with the patient may proceed. Forexample, the medical procedure associated with the patient may include asurgical procedure associated with the patient. If the first facialidentification of the patient and the second facial identification ofthe patient do not match, a medical procedure associated with thepatient may not proceed. For example, an error or a warning may beissued, which may alert medical personnel that the patient has not beencorrectly identified.

One or more facial recognition systems, one or more facial recognitionmethods, and/or one or more facial recognition processes may be utilizedin facial identification of a patient. For example, facial recognitionmay be based at least on identifying a patient by analyzing patternsbased at least on one or more textures of a face of the patient and/orone or more shapes of one or more portions of the face of the patient.For example, facial recognition may identify facial features viaextracting landmarks and/or features from an image of the face of thepatient. One or more landmarks and/or one or more features of the faceof the patient may include a relative position, a size, and/or a shapeof one or more of eyes, a nose, a cheekbone, and a jaw of the face ofthe patient. One or more facial recognition systems, one or more facialrecognition methods, and/or one or more facial recognition processes maydetermine data associated with a face of a patient. Data associated witha face of a patient may include a template. For example, a template maybe distinguished from a photograph, as a template may include data thatmay be utilized to distinguish a face of a first patient from a face ofa second patient, different from the first patient.

One or more facial recognition systems, one or more facial recognitionmethods, and/or one or more facial recognition processes may utilizethree-dimensional techniques utilizing one or more projectors and/or oneor more sensors, among others, to determine information about a shape ofthe face of the patient. For example, the information about the shape ofthe face of the patient may be utilized to determine one or morefeatures of a surface of the face of the patient. The one or morefeatures of the surface of the face of the patient may include one ormore of a contour of an eye socket, a contour of a nose, and a contourof a chin, among others. An advantage of utilizing three-dimensionalfacial recognition techniques may be that three-dimensional facialrecognition techniques may not be affected by changes in lighting. Oneor more facial recognition systems, one or more facial recognitionmethods, and/or one or more facial recognition processes may utilizemultiple image sensors. For example, the multiple image sensors mayinclude multiple cameras. A three-dimensional facial recognitiontechnique may utilize multiple image sensors.

A facial recognition system may include one or more image acquisitiondevices. For example, the one or more image acquisition devices mayinclude one or more cameras. A facial recognition system may include oneor more light projectors. In one example, a light projector may projectinfrared light. In another example, a light projector may include alaser. A facial recognition system may determine locations on a face ofthe patient. For example, the locations on the face of the patient maybe utilized in determining a template of the face of the patient. Thetemplate of the face of the patient may be associated with a topographyof the face of the patient. The template of the face of the patient maybe utilized in facial recognition. For example, the template of the faceof the patient may be compared with another template in confirming ordisaffirming an identity of the patient. A facial recognition system mayinclude one or more image time of flight (ToF) devices. For example, theone or more time of flight devices may be utilized in determininglocations on a face of the patient. A ToF device may include one or moreSONAR (sound navigation ranging) devices and/or one or more LIDAR (lightimaging, detection, and ranging) devices. For example, a LIDAR devicemay be utilized in three-dimensional scanning utilizing at least onelaser.

A medical procedure associated with the patient may include a portion ofthe patient (e.g., a site of the medical procedure). For example, theportion of the patient may be similar to another portion of the patient.For example, a right eye of the patient may be similar to a left eye ofthe patient. The medical procedure associated with the patient may befor the portion of the patient and not the other portion of the patient.For example, the medical procedure associated with the patient may befor right eye of the patient and not for the left eye of the patient.The second medical system may utilize a computer vision process, method,and/or system to determine the portion of the patient from the otherportion of the patient. The computer vision process, method, and/orsystem may utilize a facial recognition process, method, and/or systemto determine the portion of the patient from the other portion of thepatient. For example, the second medical system may determine thatsurgical tooling equipment is within an area that is not associated withthe portion of the patient. The second medical system may issue awarning or an error if the second medical system determines thatsurgical tooling equipment is within an area that is not associated withthe portion of the patient. In one example, if the medical procedure isfor the right eye of the patient (e.g., a site of the medicalprocedure), the second medical system may issue a warning or an error ifthe second medical system determines that surgical tooling equipment iswithin an area that is not associated with the right eye of the patient.In another, if the medical procedure is for the right eye of the patient(e.g., a site of the medical procedure), the second medical system mayissue a warning or an error if the second medical system determines thatsurgical tooling equipment is within an area that is associated with theleft eye of the patient.

Turning now to FIG. 1A, an example of a medical system is illustrated.As shown, a medical system 110 may be utilized with a patient 120. Asillustrated, medical system 110 may include a computer system 112.Computer system 112 may be communicatively coupled to displays 116A and116B. As an example, computer system 112 may be integrated with adisplay 116. Computer system 112 may be communicatively an imagingdevice 114. In one example, imaging device 114 may include one or morecameras. In another example, imaging device 114 may include athree-dimensional scanner. Imaging device 114 may be utilized inbiometry of an eye 122 of patient 120. As shown, display 116A maydisplay biometry information 132 associated with eye 122 of patient 120.As illustrated, display 116B may display an image 130 of patient 120.Computer system 112 may determine facial recognition information. Forexample, the facial recognition information may include a template of aface of patient 120. As illustrated, a template 140A may be displayedover image 130 of patient 120. For example, display 116B may displaytemplate 140A over image 130 of patient 120. As illustrated, a template140B may be displayed. For example, display 116B may display template140B. Template 140 may be utilized to identify patient 120. Oneadvantage may include determining biometry information 132 associatedwith eye 122 of patient 120 and template 140 while patient 120 is beingexamined by medical system 110. In one example, biometry information 132associated with eye 122 of patient 120 and template 140 may bedetermined concurrently. In another example, biometry information 132associated with eye 122 of patient 120 and template 140 may bedetermined with a short amount of time with respect to each other.

A person 150 may operate medical system 110. For example, person 150 maybe medical personnel. Person 150 may enter identification informationassociated with patient 120 into computer system 112. The identificationinformation associated with patient 120 may include one or more of aname of patient 120, an address of patient 120, a telephone number ofpatient 120, a government issued identification number of patient 120,and a date of birth of patient 120, among others. For example, computersystem 112 may associate the identification information associated withpatient 120 with the facial recognition information. For example,computer system 112 may associate the identification informationassociated with patient 120 with template 140.

Person 150 may verify one or more portions of the identificationinformation associated with patient 120 before computer system 112associates the identification information associated with patient 120with the facial recognition information. For example, one or moreportions of the identification information associated with patient 120may have been stored, via a storage device accessible by computer system112, before medical system 110 is utilized with patient 120. Person 150may configure data associated with a portion of patient 120. Forexample, person 150 may configure data associated with a right eye ofpatient 120.

Turning now to FIG. 1B, an example of an imaging device is illustrated.As shown, imaging device 114 may include image sensors 160A-160C. Forexample, an image sensor 160 may include a camera. As illustrated,imaging device 114 may include light projectors 162A-162C. In oneexample, a light projector 162 may project visible light. In anotherexample, a light projector 162 may project infrared light. A lightprojector 162 may project circles and/or dots onto a face of a patient.An image sensor 160 may receive reflections of the circles and/or thedots that were projected onto the face of the patient. A computer systemmay determine one or more locations and/or one or more templatesassociated with the face of the patient based at least on thereflections of the circles and/or the dots that were projected onto theface of the patient. As shown, imaging device 114 may include depthsensors 164A-164C. A depth sensor 164 may include a light projector 162.A depth sensor 164 may include an optical sensor. Any two or more of animage sensor 160, a light projector 162, and a depth sensor 164 may becombined. One or more of image sensors 160A-160C, one or more of lightprojectors 162A-162C, and/or one or more of depth sensors 164A-164C,among others, may produce data that may be utilized to determinelocations 210 and/or distances 220, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B.In one example, computer system 112 may utilize the data to determinelocations 210 and/or distances 220, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B.In another example, computer system 112 may utilize the data todetermine a template 140, as illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B.

Turning now to FIG. 3A, an example of another medical system isillustrated. As shown, a surgeon 310 may utilize surgical toolingequipment 320. In one example, surgeon 310 may utilize surgical toolingequipment 320 in a surgery involving eye 122 of patient 120. Medicalsystem 300 may include an ophthalmic surgical tool tracking system. Asillustrated, medical system 300 may include a computer system 330, adisplay 340, and a microscope 350. Although not specificallyillustrated, medical system 300 may include one or more camera systems.As an example, microscope 350 may be or include a microscope integrateddisplay (MID) 352 (illustrated in FIG. 3B). As a second example,microscope 350 may include one or more structures and/or one or morefunctionalities as those described with reference to MID 352. As a thirdexample, microscope 350 may include a camera system. As another example,microscope 350 may be coupled to a camera system.

Computer system 330 may receive image frames captured by one or moreimage sensors. For example, computer system 330 may perform variousimage processing on the one or more image frames. Computer system 330may perform image analysis on the one or more image frames to identifyand/or extract one or more images of surgical tooling equipment 320 fromthe one or more image frames. Computer system 330 may generate agraphical user interface (GUI), which may overlay the one or more imageframes. For example, the GUI may include one or more indicators and/orone or more icons, among others. The one or more indicators may includesurgical data, such as one or more positions and/or one or moreorientations. The one or more indicators may include one or morewarnings. The GUI may be displayed by display 340 and/or microscope 350to surgeon 310 and/or other medical personnel.

Computer system 330, display 340, and microscope 350 may be implementedin separate housings communicatively coupled to one another or within acommon console or housing. A user interface may be associated with oneor more of computer system 330, display 340, and microscope 350, amongothers. For example, a user interface may include one or more of akeyboard, a mouse, a joystick, a touchscreen, an eye tracking device, aspeech recognition device, a gesture control module, dials, and/orbuttons, among other input devices. A user (e.g., surgeon 310 and/orother medical personnel) may enter desired instructions and/orparameters via the user interface. For example, the user interface maybe utilized in controlling one or more of computer system 330, display340, and microscope 350, among others.

Turning now to FIG. 3B, an example of a microscope integrated displayand examples of surgical tooling equipment are illustrated. As shown,surgical tooling equipment 320A may be or include a scalpel. Asillustrated, surgical tooling equipment 320B may be or include a Q-tip.As shown, surgical tooling equipment 320C may be or include tweezers.Other surgical tooling equipment that is not specifically illustratedmay be utilized with one or more systems, one or more processes, and/orone or more methods described herein.

As an example, surgical tooling equipment 320 may be marked with one ormore patterns. The one or more patterns may be utilized in identifyingsurgical tooling equipment 320. The one or more patterns may include oneor more of a hash pattern, a stripe pattern, and a fractal pattern,among others. As another example, surgical tooling equipment 320 may bemarked with a dye and/or a paint. The dye and/or the paint may reflectone or more of visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light,among others. In one example, an illuminator 378 may provide ultravioletlight, and image sensor 372 may receive the ultraviolet light reflectedfrom surgical tooling equipment 320. Computer system 330 may receiveimage data, based at least on the ultraviolet light reflected fromsurgical tooling equipment 320, from image sensor 372 and may utilizethe image data, based at least on the ultraviolet light reflected fromsurgical tooling equipment 320, to identify surgical tooling equipment320 from other image data provided by image sensor 372. In anotherexample, an illuminator 378 may provide infrared light, and image sensor372 may receive the infrared light reflected from surgical toolingequipment 320. Computer system 330 may receive image data, based atleast on the infrared light reflected from surgical tooling equipment320, from image sensor 372 and may utilize the image data, based atleast on the infrared light reflected from surgical tooling equipment320, to identify surgical tooling equipment 320 from other image dataprovided by image sensor 372.

As illustrated, MID 352 may include displays 362A and 362B. For example,surgeon 310 may look into multiple eye pieces, and displays 362A and362B may display information to surgeon 310. Although MID 352 is shownwith multiple displays, MID 352 may include a single display 362. Forexample, MID 352 may be implemented with one or more displays 362. Asshown, MID 352 may include image sensors 372A and 372B. In one example,image sensors 372A and 372B may acquire images. In a second example,image sensors 372A and 372B may include cameras. In another example, animage sensor 372 may acquire images via one or more of visible light,infrared light, and ultraviolet light, among others. One or more imagesensors 372A and 372B may provide data of images to computer system 330.Although MID 352 is shown with multiple image sensors, MID 352 mayinclude a single image sensor 372. For example, MID 352 may beimplemented with one or more image sensors 372.

As illustrated, MID 352 may include distance sensors 374A and 374. Forexample, a distance sensor 374 may determine a distance to surgicaltooling equipment 320. Distance sensor 374 may determine a distanceassociated with a Z-axis. Although MID 352 is shown with multiple imagesensors, MID 352 may include a single distance sensor 374. In oneexample, MID 352 may be implemented with one or more distance sensors374. In another example, MID 352 may be implemented with no distancesensor. As shown, MID 352 may include lenses 376A and 376B. Although MID352 is shown with multiple lenses 376A and 376B, MID 352 may include asingle lens 376. For example, MID 352 may be implemented with one ormore lenses 376. As illustrated, MID 352 may include illuminators 378Aand 378B. For example, an illuminator 378 may provide and/or produce oneor more of visible light, infrared light, and ultraviolet light, amongothers. Although MID 352 is shown with multiple illuminators, MID 352may include a single illuminator 378. For example, MID 352 may beimplemented with one or more illuminators 378. MID 352 may include oneor more structures and/or one or more functionalities as those describedwith reference to imaging device 114. MID 352 may include a computersystem. For example, the computer system of MID 352 may implement atleast a portion of one or more systems, one or more processes, one ormore methods, and/or one or more flowcharts described herein.

Turning now to FIGS. 4A-4C, examples of identifying a patient isillustrated. As shown, surgeon 310 may be prepared to operate on apatient 420. For example, patient 420 may be an incorrect patient for anoperation that surgeon 310 may be prepared to perform. Patient 120 maybe a correct patient for an operation that surgeon 310 may be preparedto perform. Patient 420 may be identified via facial recognition. Forexample, a template 440 may be determined based at least on locations410 associated, illustrated in FIG. 4B, with a face of patient 420.Computer system 330 may determine template 440. A computer system ofmicroscope 350 may determine template 440.

Template 440 may be determined not to match template 140. For example, apatient associated with template 140 may be the expected patient for thesurgery. If template 440 is determined not to match template 140, awarning or an error may be issued. In one example, determining thattemplate 440 does not match template 140 may include determining thatone or more positions 210 do not match one or more positions 410. Inanother example, determining that template 440 does not match template140 may include determining that a polygon formed by three or morelocations 410 does not match a polygon formed by three or more locations210. The three or more locations 410 may correspond to three or morelocations 210. For example, three or more locations 410B, 410C, and 410Hmay correspond to locations 210B, 210C, and 210H. A polygon formed bylocations 410B, 410C, and 410H may not match a polygon formed bylocations 210B, 210C, and 210H. Computer system 330 may determinetemplate 440 and template 140 do not match. Microscope 350 may determinetemplate 440 and template 140 do not match. MID 352 may determinetemplate 440 and template 140 do not match.

As shown, in FIG. 3A, surgeon 310 may be prepared to operate on apatient 120. For example, patient 120 may be a correct patient for anoperation that surgeon 310 may be prepared to perform. Patient 120 maybe identified via facial recognition. For example, a template 442 may bedetermined based at least on locations 412, as illustrated in FIG. 4C.Computer system 330 may determine template 442. A computer system ofmicroscope 350 may determine template 442. A computer system of MID 352may determine template 442.

Template 442 may be determined to match template 140. For example, apatient associated with template 140 may be the expected patient for thesurgery. If template 442 is determined to match template 140, anindication that the surgery may proceed may be issued. In one example,determining that template 442 does match template 140 may includedetermining that one or more positions 210 do match one or morepositions 412. In another example, determining that template 442 doesmatch template 140 may include determining that a polygon formed bythree or more locations 412 does match a polygon formed by three or morelocations 210. The three or more locations 412 may correspond to threeor more locations 210. For example, three or more locations 412B, 412C,and 412H may correspond to locations 210B, 210C, and 210H. A polygonformed by locations 412B, 412C, and 412H may match a polygon formed bylocations 210B, 210C, and 210H. Computer system 330 may determine thattemplate 442 and template 140 do match. Microscope 350 may determinethat template 442 and template 140 do match. MID 352 may determine thattemplate 442 and template 140 do match.

A GUI 415, illustrated in FIG. 4D, may provide the warning or the errorthat an incorrect patient has been identified. In one example, thewarning or the error may include an icon 420A. In a second example, thewarning or the error may include text 430A, which may indicate that anincorrect patient has been detected. GUI 415 may be displayed viadisplay 340, microscope 350, and/or MID 352. In another example, thewarning or the error may include one or more audible sounds. GUI 415,illustrated in FIG. 4E, may provide the indication that the patient hasbeen correctly identified. In one example, the indication may include anicon 420B. In another example, the indication may include text 430B,which may indicate that the patient has been correctly identified. GUI415 may be displayed via display 340, microscope 350, and/or MID 352.

Turning now to FIG. 5A, an example of an area of a surgical procedure isillustrated. As shown, an area may be bounded by locations 412B and412H-412K. As illustrated, the area bounded by locations 412B and412H-412K may include eye 122. For example, a surgical procedure may beperformed on eye 122. As shown, an area may be bounded by locations412L-412P. As illustrated, the area bounded by locations 412L-412P mayinclude an eye 124. For example, a surgical procedure may not beperformed on eye 124.

Turning now to FIG. 5B, an example of determining a position of amicroscope is illustrated. As shown, microscope 350 may be at an angleto template 442. In one example, computer system 330 may determine anangle between microscope 350 and template 442. In another example,microscope 350 may determine an angle between microscope 350 andtemplate 442. Microscope 350 may include a computer system. For example,the computer system of microscope 350 may determine an angle betweenmicroscope 350 and template 442.

Turning now to FIG. 5C, an example of determining that surgical toolingequipment is included in an area is illustrated. As shown, surgicaltooling equipment 320 may be included in the area bounded by locations412L-412P. In one example, a surgical procedure may not be performed oneye 124. In another example, a surgical procedure may not be performedwithin the area bounded by locations 412L-412P.

Computer system 330 may determine that surgical tooling equipment 320 isincluded in the area bounded by locations 412L-412P. For example,computer system 330 may provide a warning that surgical toolingequipment 320 is included in the area bounded by locations 412L-412P. AGUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5E, may provide the warning that surgicaltooling equipment 320 is included in the area bounded by locations412L-412P. In one example, the warning may include an icon 520A. In asecond example, the warning may include text 530A, which may indicatethat surgical tooling equipment 320 has been detected in a wrong orincorrect area. GUI 510 may be displayed via display 340, microscope350, and/or MID 352. In another example, the warning may include one ormore audible sounds.

Microscope 350 may determine that surgical tooling equipment 320 isincluded in the area bounded by locations 412L-412P. For example,microscope 350 may provide a warning that surgical tooling equipment 320is included in the area bounded by locations 412L-412P. MID 352 maydetermine that surgical tooling equipment 320 is included in the areabounded by locations 412L-412P. For example, MID 352 may provide awarning that surgical tooling equipment 320 is included in the areabounded by locations 412L-412P. GUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5E, mayprovide the warning that surgical tooling equipment 320 is included inthe area bounded by locations 412L-412P. In one example, the warning mayinclude an icon 520A. In a second example, the warning may include text530A, which may indicate that surgical tooling equipment 320 has beendetected in a wrong or incorrect area. GUI 510 may be displayed viadisplay 340, microscope 350, and/or MID 352. In another example, thewarning may include one or more audible sounds.

Turning now to FIG. 5D, another example of determining that surgicaltooling equipment is included in an area is illustrated. As shown,surgical tooling equipment 320 may be included in the area bounded bylocations 412B and 412H-412K. In one example, a surgical procedure maybe performed on eye 122. In another example, a surgical procedure may beperformed within the area bounded by locations 412B and 412H-412K.

Computer system 330 may determine that surgical tooling equipment 320 isincluded in the area bounded by locations 412B and 412H-412K. Forexample, computer system 330 may provide an indication that surgicaltooling equipment 320 is included in the area bounded by locations 412Band 412H-412K. GUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5F, may provide theindication that surgical tooling equipment 320 is included in the areabounded by locations 412B and 412H-412K. In one example, the indicationmay include an icon 520B. In another example, the indication may includetext 530B, which may indicate that no errors have been detected. GUI 510may be displayed via display 340, microscope 350, and/or MID 352.

Microscope 350 may determine that surgical tooling equipment 320 isincluded in the area bounded by locations 412B and 412H-412K. Forexample, microscope 350 may provide an indication that surgical toolingequipment 320 is included in the area bounded by locations 412B and412H-412K. MID 352 may determine that surgical tooling equipment 320 isincluded in the area bounded by locations 412B and 412H-412K. Forexample, MID 352 may provide an indication that surgical toolingequipment 320 is included in the area bounded by locations 412B and412H-412K. GUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5F, may provide the indicationthat surgical tooling equipment 320 is included in the area bounded bylocations 412B and 412H-412K. In one example, the indication may includean icon 520B. In another example, the indication may include text 530B,which may indicate that no errors have been detected. GUI 510 may bedisplayed via display 340, microscope 350, and/or MID 352.

Turning now to FIG. 6 , an example of a computer system is illustrated.As shown, a computer system 600 may include a processor 610, a volatilememory medium 620, a non-volatile memory medium 630, and an input/output(I/O) device 640. As illustrated, volatile memory medium 620,non-volatile memory medium 630, and I/O device 640 may becommunicatively coupled to processor 610.

The term “memory medium” may mean a “memory”, a “storage device”, a“memory device”, a “computer-readable medium”, and/or a “tangiblecomputer readable storage medium”. For example, a memory medium mayinclude, without limitation, storage media such as a direct accessstorage device, including a hard disk drive, a sequential access storagedevice, such as a tape disk drive, compact disk (CD), random accessmemory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), CD-ROM, digital versatile disc(DVD), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM),flash memory, non-transitory media, and/or one or more combinations ofthe foregoing. As shown, non-volatile memory medium 630 may includeprocessor instructions 632. Processor instructions 632 may be executedby processor 610. In one example, one or more portions of processorinstructions 632 may be executed via non-volatile memory medium 630. Inanother example, one or more portions of processor instructions 632 maybe executed via volatile memory medium 620. One or more portions ofprocessor instructions 632 may be transferred to volatile memory medium620.

Processor 610 may execute processor instructions 632 in implementing atleast a portion of one or more systems, one or more flow charts, one ormore processes, and/or one or more methods described herein. Forexample, processor instructions 632 may be configured, coded, and/orencoded with instructions in accordance with at least a portion of oneor more systems, one or more flowcharts, one or more methods, and/or oneor more processes described herein. Although processor 610 isillustrated as a single processor, processor 610 may be or includemultiple processors. One or more of a storage medium and a memory mediummay be a software product, a program product, and/or an article ofmanufacture. For example, the software product, the program product,and/or the article of manufacture may be configured, coded, and/orencoded with instructions, executable by a processor, in accordance withat least a portion of one or more systems, one or more flowcharts, oneor more methods, and/or one or more processes described herein.

Processor 610 may include any suitable system, device, or apparatusoperable to interpret and execute program instructions, process data, orboth stored in a memory medium and/or received via a network. Processor610 further may include one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers,digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), or other circuitry configured to interpret and executeprogram instructions, process data, or both.

I/O device 640 may include any instrumentality or instrumentalities,which allow, permit, and/or enable a user to interact with computersystem 600 and its associated components by facilitating input from auser and output to a user. Facilitating input from a user may allow theuser to manipulate and/or control computer system 600, and facilitatingoutput to a user may allow computer system 600 to indicate effects ofthe user's manipulation and/or control. For example, I/O device 640 mayallow a user to input data, instructions, or both into computer system600, and otherwise manipulate and/or control computer system 600 and itsassociated components. I/O devices may include user interface devices,such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a joystick, a handheldlens, a tool tracking device, a coordinate input device, or any otherI/O device suitable to be used with a system.

I/O device 640 may include one or more busses, one or more serialdevices, and/or one or more network interfaces, among others, that mayfacilitate and/or permit processor 610 to implement at least a portionsof one or more systems, processes, and/or methods described herein. Inone example, I/O device 640 may include a storage interface that mayfacilitate and/or permit processor 610 to communicate with an externalstorage. The storage interface may include one or more of a universalserial bus (USB) interface, a SATA (Serial ATA) interface, a PATA(Parallel ATA) interface, and a small computer system interface (SCSI),among others. In a second example, I/O device 640 may include a networkinterface that may facilitate and/or permit processor 610 to communicatewith a network. I/O device 640 may include one or more of a wirelessnetwork interface and a wired network interface. In a third example, I/Odevice 640 may include one or more of a peripheral componentinterconnect (PCI) interface, a PCI Express (PCIe) interface, a serialperipheral interconnect (SPI) interface, and an inter-integrated circuit(I²C) interface, among others. In a fourth example, I/O device 640 mayinclude circuitry that may permit processor 610 to communicate data withone or more sensors. In another example, I/O device 640 may facilitateand/or permit processor 610 to communicate data with one or more of adisplay 650, a MID 660, and an imaging device 670, among others. One ormore of display 650, MID 660, and imaging device 670, among others, maybe coupled to processor 610 via I/O device 640. As illustrated, I/Odevice 640 may be coupled to a network 680. For example, I/O device 640may include a network interface.

Network 680 may include a wired network, a wireless network, an opticalnetwork, or a combination of the foregoing, among others. Network 680may include and/or be coupled to various types of communicationsnetworks. For example, network 680 may include and/or be coupled to alocal area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), an Internet, apublic switched telephone network (PSTN), a cellular telephone network,a satellite telephone network, or a combination of the foregoing, amongothers. A WAN may include a private WAN, a corporate WAN, a public WAN,or a combination of the foregoing, among others.

A computer system described herein may include one or more structuresand/or one or more functionalities as those described with reference tocomputer system 600. In one example, computer system 112 may include oneor more structures and/or one or more functionalities as those describedwith reference to computer system 600. In a second example, computersystem 330 may include one or more structures and/or one or morefunctionalities as those described with reference to computer system600. In a third example, a computer system of microscope 350 may includeone or more structures and/or one or more functionalities as thosedescribed with reference to computer system 600. In another example, acomputer system of MID 352 may include one or more structures and/or oneor more functionalities as those described with reference to computersystem 600.

Turning now to FIG. 7 , an example of a method of operating a system isillustrated. At 710, an identification of a first patient may bereceived. For example, computer system 330 may receive an identificationof a first patient. The first patient may be patient 120. Theidentification of the first patient may include a name of the firstpatient. The identification of the first patient may include a number ora string of characters associated with the first patient.

At 715, a first template that includes first multiple locationsassociated with a face of the first patient and associated with theidentification of the first patient may be received. For example,computer system 330 may receive a first template that includes firstmultiple locations associated with a face of the first patient andassociated with the identification of the first patient. For example,computer system 330 may receive template 140. Computer system 330 mayretrieve the first template based at least on the identification of thefirst patient. In one example, computer system 330 may retrieve and/orreceive the first template from a storage device. In another example,computer system 330 may retrieve and/or receive the first template froma network. Receiving the first template that includes the first multiplelocations associated with the face of the first patient may includereceiving medical information associated with the first patient. Forexample, the medical information may include biometry informationassociated with the first patient. The biometry information associatedwith the first patient may include biometry information associated withan eye of the first patient.

At 720, second multiple locations associated with a face of a currentpatient may be determined. In one example, computer system 330 maydetermine second multiple locations associated with a face of a currentpatient. In a second example, microscope 350 may determine secondmultiple locations associated with a face of a current patient. Inanother example, MID 352 may determine second multiple locationsassociated with a face of a current patient.

The second multiple locations associated with the face of the currentpatient may be determined via at least one image acquired via an imagesensor. For example, determining the second multiple locationsassociated with the face of the current patient may include determiningthe second multiple locations associated with the face of the currentpatient via at least one image from MID 352.

The current patient may be the first patient or may be another patient,which is not the first patient. In one example, the current patient maybe patient 120. The second multiple locations associated with the faceof the current patient may include locations 412A-412P. In anotherexample, the current patient may be patient 420. The second multiplelocations associated with the face of the current patient may includelocations 410A-410P.

At 725, a second template of the face of the current patient based atleast on the second multiple locations associated with the face of thecurrent patient may be determined. In one example, computer system 330may determine a second template of the face of the current patient basedat least on the second multiple locations associated with the face ofthe current patient. In a second example, microscope 350 may determine asecond template of the face of the current patient based at least on thesecond multiple locations associated with the face of the currentpatient. In another example, MID 352 may determine a second template ofthe face of the current patient based at least on the second multiplelocations associated with the face of the current patient. The currentpatient may be the first patient or may be another patient, which is notthe first patient. In one example, the current patient may be patient120. The second template of the face of the current patient may betemplate 442. In another example, the current patient may be patient420. The second template of the face of the current patient may betemplate 440.

At 730, it may be determined if the first template matches the secondtemplate. In one example, computer system 330 may determine if the firsttemplate matches the second template. In a second example, microscope350 may determine if the first template matches the second template. Inanother example, MID 352 may determine if the first template matches thesecond template. Determining if the first template matches the secondtemplate may include determining if one or more locations of the firsttemplate match one or more locations of the second template. Determiningif the first template matches the second template may includedetermining if a polygon formed by three or more locations of the firsttemplate matches a polygon formed by three or more locations of thesecond template.

If the first template does not match the second template, an indicationthe current patient has not been identified may be provided, at 735. Inone example, computer system 330 may provide an indication the currentpatient has not been identified. In a second example, microscope 350 mayprovide an indication the current patient has not been identified. Inanother example, MID 352 may provide an indication the current patienthas not been identified. Providing the indication that the currentpatient has not been identified includes providing at least one of avisual signal and an audible signal. Providing the indication that thecurrent patient has not been identified may include a graphical userinterface providing the indication that the current patient has not beenidentified. For example, GUI 415, illustrated in FIG. 4D, may providethe indication that the current patient has not been identified.Providing the indication that the current patient has not beenidentified may include providing an audible signal. For example, theaudible signal may include one or more audible sounds.

If the first template matches the second template, an indication thatthe current patient has been correctly identified as the first patientmay be provided, at 740. In one example, computer system 330 may providean indication that the current patient has been correctly identified asthe first patient. In a second example, microscope 350 may provide anindication that the current patient has been correctly identified as thefirst patient. In another example, MID 352 may provide an indicationthat the current patient has been correctly identified as the firstpatient. Providing the indication that the current patient has beencorrectly identified as the first patient may include a graphical userinterface providing the indication that the current patient has beencorrectly identified as the first patient. For example, GUI 415,illustrated in FIG. 4E, may provide the indication that the currentpatient has been correctly identified as the first patient.

At 745, an angle of a microscope integrated display with respect to theface of the first patient may be determined based at least on the secondtemplate. In one example, computer system 330 may determine, based atleast on the second template, an angle of a microscope integrateddisplay with respect to the face of the first patient. In a secondexample, microscope 350 may determine, based at least on the secondtemplate, an angle of a microscope integrated display with respect tothe face of the first patient. In another example, MID 352 maydetermine, based at least on the second template, an angle of amicroscope integrated display with respect to the face of the firstpatient.

At 750, it may be determined, based at least on the second template, ifsurgical tooling equipment enters an area of the second template. In oneexample, computer system 330 may determine, based at least on the secondtemplate, if surgical tooling equipment enters an area of the secondtemplate. In a second example, microscope 350 may determine, based atleast on the second template, if surgical tooling equipment enters anarea of the second template. In a second example, microscope 350 maydetermine, based at least on the second template, if surgical toolingequipment enters an area of the second template. In another example, MID352 may determine, based at least on the second template, if surgicaltooling equipment enters an area of the second template. Determining ifsurgical tooling equipment enters an area of the second template mayinclude determining if surgical tooling equipment enters an incorrectarea of the second template. For example, a surgery may be performed oneye 122 of patient 120 and may not be performed on eye 124. It may bedetermined if surgical tooling equipment 320 enters an area bounded bylocations 412L-412P, as illustrated in FIG. 5C. For example, determiningif surgical tooling equipment 320 enters the area bounded by locations412L-412P may prevent a mistake.

If surgical tooling equipment enters an area of the second template, anindication that the surgical tooling equipment should not be in the areaof the second template may be provided, at 755. In one example, computersystem 330 may provide an indication that the surgical tooling equipmentshould not be in the area of the second template. In a second example,microscope 350 may provide an indication that the surgical toolingequipment should not be in the area of the second template. In anotherexample, MID 352 may provide an indication that the surgical toolingequipment should not be in the area of the second template. Providing anindication that the surgical tooling equipment should not be in the areaof the second template may be performed in response to determining,based at least on the second template, that surgical tooling equipmententers an area of the second template. Providing an indication that thesurgical tooling equipment should not be in the area of the secondtemplate may include a graphical user interface providing an indicationthat the surgical tooling equipment should not be in the area of thesecond template. For example, GUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5E, mayprovide an indication that the surgical tooling equipment should not bein the area (e.g., the area bounded by locations 412L-412P) of thesecond template. Providing an indication that the surgical toolingequipment should not be in the area of the second template may includeproviding an audible signal. For example, the audible signal may includeone or more audible sounds. Providing the indication that the surgicaltooling equipment should not be in the area of the second template maybe performed in response to determining that the surgical toolingequipment enters the area of the second template.

If surgical tooling equipment does not enter an area of the secondtemplate, an indication of no errors may be provided, at 760. In oneexample, computer system 330 may provide an indication of no errors. Ina second example, microscope 350 may provide an indication of no errors.In another example, MID 352 may provide an indication of no errors. Agraphical user interface may provide an indication of no errors. Agraphical user interface may provide an indication of no errors. Forexample, GUI 510, illustrated in FIG. 5F, may provide an indication ofno errors.

One or more of the method and/or process elements and/or one or moreportions of a method and/or processor elements may be performed invarying orders, may be repeated, or may be omitted. Furthermore,additional, supplementary, and/or duplicated method and/or processelements may be implemented, instantiated, and/or performed as desired.Moreover, one or more of system elements may be omitted and/oradditional system elements may be added as desired.

A memory medium may be and/or may include an article of manufacture. Forexample, the article of manufacture may include and/or may be a softwareproduct and/or a program product. The memory medium may be coded and/orencoded with processor-executable instructions in accordance with one ormore flowcharts, systems, methods, and/or processes described herein toproduce the article of manufacture.

The above disclosed subject matter is to be considered illustrative, andnot restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover all suchmodifications, enhancements, and other implementations which fall withinthe true spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, to themaximum extent allowed by law, the scope of the present disclosure is tobe determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of thefollowing claims and their equivalents, and shall not be restricted orlimited by the foregoing detailed description.

What is claimed is:
 1. A medical system, comprising: at least oneprocessor; a microscope having a display and at least one image sensorconfigured to acquire at least one image; and a memory medium that iscoupled to the at least one processor and that includes instructions,when executed by the at least one processor, cause the medical systemto: receive an identification of a first patient; receive a firsttemplate that includes a first plurality of locations associated with aface of the first patient and associated with the identification of thefirst patient; determine a second plurality of locations associated witha face of a current patient via the at least one image; determine asecond template of the face of the current patient based at least on thesecond plurality of locations associated with the face of the currentpatient; provide, via the at least one display, an indication related towhether the first template matches the second template such that thecurrent patient has been correctly identified as the first patient; anddetermine, based at least on the second template, an angle of themicroscope with respect to the face of the first patient.
 2. The medicalsystem of claim 1, wherein the memory medium includes furtherinstructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause themedical system to determine that surgical tooling equipment enters anarea of the second template; and in response to determining, based atleast on the second template, that the surgical tooling equipment entersthe area of the second template, provide, via the at least one display,an indication that the surgical tooling equipment should not be in thearea of the second template.
 3. The medical system of claim 1, whereinthe display is a microscope integrated display.
 4. The medical system ofclaim 1, wherein, to provide the indication that the current patient hasnot been identified, the instructions further cause the medical systemto provide at least one of a visual signal and an audible signal.
 5. Themedical system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause themedical system to: determine the first plurality of locations associatedwith the face of the first patient; determine the first template of theface of the first patient based at least on the first plurality oflocations associated with the face of the first patient; associate thefirst template with the identification of the first patient; and storethe first template with the identification of the first patient.
 6. Themedical system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause themedical system to: determine a third plurality of locations associatedwith a face of a second patient; determine a third template of the faceof the second patient based at least on the third plurality of locationsassociated with the face of the second patient; associate the thirdtemplate with an identification of the second patient; and store thethird template with the identification of the second patient.
 7. Themedical system of claim 1, wherein the instructions further cause themedical system to determine an orientation of a lens with respect to theface of the first patient based at least on the second template.
 8. Themedical system of claim 1, further comprising: a microscope integrateddisplay coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the microscopeintegrated display includes at least one image sensor configured toacquire at least one image; and wherein, to determine the secondplurality of locations associated with the face of the current patient,the instructions further cause the medical system to determine thesecond plurality of locations associated with the face of the currentpatient via the at least one image.
 9. The medical system of claim 1,wherein, to determine if the first template matches the second template,the instructions further cause the medical system to determine if apolygon formed by three or more locations of the first plurality oflocations of the first template matches a polygon formed by three ormore locations of the second plurality of locations of the secondtemplate.